وظائف مستشار قانوني - جدة السعودية
١٢٨٧ وظائف شاغرة
The Regional Legal Head – UAE / Saudi Arabia will provide complex legal advice, counsel, and representation to the Company as assigned by the General Counsel, including on all legal, statutory and regulatory compliance matters, corporate and commercial matters of the Company for any business happening within UAE / Saudi Arabia and develop risk mitigation strategies by entity, jurisdiction, process and/or project. Duties/Responsibilities:Provide counseling, advice, and day-to-day support for the legal and compliance department for its UAE / Saudi Arabia operations. Work with General Counsel and other regional legal heads across the globe on all company legal matters across departments and entities. Provide professional and authoritative legal and policy advice relating to Sutherland’s business and commercial matters representing the company’s best interest at all times. Manage the company’s corporate and corporate secretarial activities to comply with company’s bylaws and manage the board of directors and related compliance. Comply with Saudi Arabia’s RHQ compliance. Deal with UAE / Saudi Arabia’s government bodies and ensure all the communications are channeled properly in compliance with local regulatory requirements. Identify and manage external counsel as necessary for any adhoc activities that fall outside the scope of in-house legal work and aid with any litigation and complaints raised to the company. Independently manage and review all the commercial contracts, including customer, vendor and other alliance partnership contracts to manage customer and procurement relationships of Sutherland’s UAE and Saudi Arabia business. Proactively identify opportunities to improve operational practices and processes. Proactively manage and advise Sutherland’s leadership team on potential risks, assure objectives are achieved and disciplines are implemented to drive continuous improvement. Develop reporting mechanism to executive management on a regular basis. Work proactively with Company’s compliance personnel and support to implement Sutherland’s Code of Business Conduct, policies, procedures, manuals, and internal codes that have been adopted by Sutherland to ensure that Sutherland and its employees are at all times in compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and company-wide policy and ethical standards. Maintain a comprehensive understanding of the legal and regulatory environment, requirements, and developments relating to and impacting Sutherland’s business activities worldwide. Monitor and maintain accurate and up-to-date knowledge of, and update policies as needed concerning all the relevant legal aspects of Sutherland UAE and Saudi Arabia locations. Work as a team member at all times and promote Sutherland’s One Sutherland initiative with other legal team members and stakeholders. Education and Experience:At least five (5) to seven (7) years of experience in a corporate as a senior in house legal representative or law firm environment with specialized experience in commercial contracts and corporate to manage customer and vendor transactions. J. D. or LLM from a nationally recognized law school in Dubai / Saudi Arabia Membership in a bar council in Dubai / Saudi Arabia Outstanding written and verbal communication in Arabic and English Analytical skills with demonstrated strategic thinking and risk analysis. Excellent interpersonal skills A commitment to teamwork, integrity, and collegiality. Ability to work effectively in a fast-paced environment under tight deadlines. Flexible and willing to approach legal challenges with an entrepreneurial mindset. Prior law firm experience or in-house experience at a U. S. multinational company is highly preferred. Cross-border transaction experience is a plus.
Role Overview As a Legal Counsel at noon, you will support key business verticals by providing practical, business-focused legal advice. You will act as the first point of contact for legal matters, partnering closely with internal stakeholders to enable growth while managing legal risk.<br>What you’ll do Provide day-to-day legal support across commercial and operational matters Draft, review, and negotiate a wide range of contracts and agreements Act as the main legal point of contact for disputes, claims, and potential litigation Represent the company before relevant authorities when required Advise internal teams on legal risks, regulatory requirements, and local laws Lead negotiations on non-standard contracts and escalate complex issues when needed Apply legal templates and frameworks to ensure consistency and efficiency Identify and manage legal risks, while proactively flagging recurring issues Support dispute resolution, claims assessment, and settlement processes Ensure timely delivery aligned with agreed turnaround times and quality standards<br>What you’ll need Bachelor’s degree in Law (LLB or equivalent)4–7 years of relevant legal experience Strong experience in commercial contracts and dispute management Good understanding of Saudi laws and regulatory environment Strong stakeholder management and communication skills Ability to work in a fast-paced, high-growth environment<br>Who will excel? We’re looking for people with high standards, who understand that hard work matters. You need to be relentlessly resourceful and operate with a deep bias for action. We need people with the courage to be fiercely original.noon is not for everyone; readiness to adapt, pivot, and learn is essential.
Job Purpose<br><br>Provides advanced legal advisory, drafting, and transactional support across the organization's corporate and commercial activities, with responsibility for independently overseeing complex commercial contracts, corporate transactions, governance matters, regulatory compliance, and strategic business initiatives. The role requires sound judgment in applying legal frameworks and commercial considerations to significant corporate and business transactions. Operating within the Corporate & Commercial Legal function, the Senior Specialist plays a critical role in supporting organizational objectives by delivering legally robust, commercially pragmatic advice, documentation, and risk management solutions. The role also supports contract lifecycle management, corporate governance initiatives, regulatory compliance programs, stakeholder coordination, and the continuous improvement of legal standards and processes across the business<br>.<br>Functional Responsibiliti<br>es<br>Independently draft, review, negotiate, and advise on a broad range of commercial agreements including service agreements, consulting agreements, procurement contracts, partnership agreements, licensing agreements, and technology-related contracts. Provide legal support on corporate transactions, strategic initiatives, joint ventures, shareholder matters, and restructuring projects. Draft, review, and maintain corporate governance documents, including board resolutions, delegation of authority documents, policies, and internal governance frameworks. Manage disputes, claims, and pre-litigation matters in coordination with external counsel and internal stakeholders. Monitor and analyze relevant laws, regulations, and regulatory developments, preparing legal impact assessments and guidance for stakeholders. Maintain comprehensive records of legal matters, contract negotiations, legal opinions, and corporate documentation. Coordinate with external counsel and regulatory authorities on legal matters requiring specialized advice or approva<br>ls.<br>Job Requirements Academic Qualifications– Bachelor's degree in Law (LLB or equivalent) Years of Experience– Minimum 3-5 years of post-qualification experience in corporate, commercial, or general business law.– Experience in a reputable law firm and/or in-house legal department. Other Requirements– Strong knowledge of corporate governance, commercial contracting, regulatory compliance, and corporate law.– Proficiency (Arabic and English) is required; strong drafting skills in both languages
???????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????????<br>FTG Development is a global operation with an international property portfolio headquartered in Türkiye. We target development and investment opportunities to drive market-leading returns in mixed-use real estate and hospitality projects. FTG Development collaborates with various affiliated group companies across multiple project developments, including, but not limited to, its sister brands Rixos and The Land of Legends.<br>FTG Development works with some of the world's leading architects, designers, and professionals, ensuring projects meet the highest international standards. The Group continues to expand globally, with landmark developments including Tersane Istanbul, Rixos at Emerald Shores, Rixos Half Moon Bay, and The Land of Legends.<br>???????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????<br>We are seeking an experienced in-house lawyer to join our Legal Affairs team in Riyadh, which serves as the Group's regional headquarters for the Middle East. Reporting to the Director of Legal Affairs, the successful candidate will provide day-to-day legal support primarily for our Saudi Arabia operations, while also supporting projects across Qatar, Oman, and other regional markets. The role covers drafting and reviewing contracts, managing commercial and corporate legal matters, advising on labor law, coordinating outsourced legal service providers, and helping safeguard the company's legal and regulatory position.<br>????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????<br>• Draft, review, and negotiate a wide range of commercial contracts (construction, procurement, services, leases, NDAs, and partnership agreements)• Provide practical legal advice on commercial, corporate, and contractual matters relevant to the group's business activities• Advise management on labor and employment law matters, ensuring compliance with applicable labor regulations across the jurisdictions where the Group operates (primarily Saudi Arabia)• Support corporate governance, company structuring, and regulatory/compliance requirements• Identify, assess, and mitigate legal risks across projects and operations• Coordinate, manage, and collaborate with outsourced legal service providers and external counsel across the region, ensuring quality, consistency, and timely delivery of specialized advice and litigation support• Maintain organized records of contracts, legal correspondence, and corporate documentation• Stay current on relevant legislation and regulatory developments affecting the business<br>????????????????????????????????????????????????????????<br>• Bachelor's degree in Law (LL. B.); a relevant master's degree or professional qualification is an advantage• Minimum 5 years of relevant legal experience, preferably as an in-house/company lawyer<br>???????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????<br>• Strong expertise in commercial law, with solid working knowledge of corporate, contract, and labor law relevant to the group's business• Sound understanding of the Middle East legal and regulatory environment, ideally including Saudi Arabia• Excellent command of English, both written and verbal (Arabic fluency is a strong advantage)• Saudi national preferable• Proven ability to coordinate and manage outsourced legal service providers and external counsel across multiple jurisdictions• Strong drafting, negotiation, analytical, and problem-solving skills• High level of integrity, sound commercial judgment, and the ability to work both independently and as part of a team<br>???????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????<br>• Experience in high-impact development, construction, and investment projects<br>???????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????<br>A key role within a growing legal function, working directly with senior leadership. Exposure to high-impact development, construction, and investment projects. A dynamic, fast-paced environment within a leading regional group.<br>???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????<br>We are committed to diversity and inclusivity in our hiring practices and encourage applications from all qualified individuals.
This position is listed on behalf of a partner company, who manages all applications and next steps. Our partner is looking for a Managing Counsel, Product (Payroll experience required) based in Saudi Arabia.<br><br>This is an individual-contributor legal leadership role supporting the development of complex HR technology products across global markets.<br><br>You’ll act as a strategic legal partner to Product, Payroll, Engineering, Privacy, Security, and Commercial teams.<br><br>The role has a particular focus on payroll, AI/ML, data protection, employment law, and emerging technology regulation.<br><br>You’ll translate complex legal requirements across 90+ jurisdictions into practical guidance and actionable product requirements.<br><br>The position combines deep legal expertise with commercial judgment, product thinking, and a strong interest in technology and AI.<br><br>You’ll work in a highly distributed, asynchronous environment alongside an experienced international legal team.<br><br>The opportunity is well suited to a pragmatic lawyer who enjoys solving complex problems and enabling innovation while managing regulatory risk.<br><br>Accountabilities<br><br>Provide end-to-end product legal counsel for payroll and AI-enabled products, including launch-readiness assessments, AI impact assessments, model cards, governance frameworks, and risk controls. Partner closely with Product, Engineering, Payroll, Privacy, Security, and Commercial Legal teams to identify and address legal considerations throughout the product lifecycle. Advise on product terms and conditions and AI-specific contractual provisions, including data and metadata use, training, output and intellectual property ownership, acceptable use, and transparency requirements. Monitor emerging AI, technology, employment, data protection, and payroll regulations across multiple jurisdictions and translate developments into clear, actionable requirements for product, design, and engineering teams. Support compliance with frameworks such as the EU AI Act, UK AI regulatory approaches, US federal and state developments, Canadian AI legislation, GDPR, and CCPA. Partner with Privacy and Security teams on DPIAs, TIAs, incident response, vendor assessments, and diligence relating to AI/LLM providers. Manage external counsel on complex, multi-jurisdictional matters, ensuring advice is practical, commercially focused, and aligned with business objectives. Deliver targeted legal enablement through training sessions, office hours, and practical guidance for internal stakeholders. Identify pragmatic solutions to complex legal and regulatory challenges rather than simply escalating issues. Contribute to the development of legal and governance frameworks that enable the responsible launch and scaling of technology products.<br><br>Requirements<br><br>Qualified lawyer with substantial experience advising on technology products, preferably across multiple jurisdictions or legal systems. Proven product counsel experience within technology, with strong expertise in HR technology, payroll, PEO, EOR, HRIS, or related employment technology platforms. Demonstrated ability to advise on complex products at scale and work across multiple jurisdictions. Deep knowledge of AI/ML legal and regulatory frameworks, including the EU AI Act, UK AI regulatory developments, US federal and state approaches, and Canadian AI legislation. Strong understanding of the intersection between AI regulation, data protection, employment law, and payroll compliance. Significant experience with payroll compliance is required, ideally across multiple jurisdictions. In-house legal experience is preferred, particularly within a technology company or fast-growing environment. Experience working in a startup or similarly fast-paced organization is an advantage. Strong analytical, organizational, and problem-solving abilities, with a practical and commercially minded approach to legal advice. Excellent written and verbal English communication skills, with the ability to translate complex legal concepts into clear guidance for technical and non-technical stakeholders. Strong interest in technology, HR technology, AI, and emerging digital products. Comfortable using modern collaboration and productivity tools such as Slack, Notion, Google Drive, Claude, or equivalent technologies. Experience working remotely and asynchronously is an advantage.<br><br>Benefits<br><br>Annual salary range of USD $66,300–$186,400, with actual compensation determined by location, experience, skills, training, business needs, and market conditions. Globally distributed, work-from-anywhere environment. Flexible working hours within an asynchronous operating model. Flexible paid time off.16 weeks of paid parental leave. Budget for coworking spaces, learning, wellness, and related professional or personal development activities. Mental health support services. Stock options. Home office budget and IT equipment. Compensation philosophy focused on pay equity, competitive local market rates, and fair compensation across global locations. Opportunities for professional growth, internal mobility, and exposure to complex international HR-tech and AI legal matters. Inclusive, globally distributed working environment with employee resource groups and support for workplace accommodations.<br><br>How Jobgether Works<br><br>We use an AI-powered matching process to ensure your application is reviewed quickly, objectively, and fairly against the role's core requirements. Our system identifies the top-fitting candidates, and this shortlist is then shared directly with the hiring company. The final decision and next steps (interviews, assessments) are managed by their internal team.<br><br>We appreciate your interest and wish you the best!<br><br> Why Apply Through Jobgether?<br><br>Data Privacy Notice: By submitting your application, you acknowledge that Jobgether will process your personal data to evaluate your candidacy and share relevant information with the hiring employer. This processing is based on legitimate interest and pre-contractual measures under applicable data protection laws (including GDPR). You may exercise your rights (access, rectification, erasure, objection) at any time.<br><br>We may use artificial intelligence (AI) tools to support parts of the hiring process, such as reviewing applications, analyzing resumes, or assessing responses and identifying potential inconsistencies or verification signals in application materials based on available information. These tools assist our recruitment team but do not replace human judgment. Final hiring decisions are ultimately made by humans. If you would like more information about how your data is processed, please contact us.
Role Summary Play a key role in managing corporate legal matters and ensuring compliance across the organization. This role supports strategic projects by providing legal advice, drafting complex agreements, and managing legal risks across transactions and operations.<br>Key Responsibilities Provide legal advice on corporate matters including M&A, joint ventures, project development, financing, and regulatory compliance. Draft and review complex legal documents including commercial contracts, shareholder agreements, technology transfer agreements, and regulatory filings. Identify and mitigate legal risks while ensuring compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Conduct legal research and prepare legal memoranda and briefing materials for leadership. Support negotiations, legal presentations, and transaction documentation. Coordinate with external counsel and manage legal deliverables efficiently. Monitor legal and regulatory developments impacting the business.<br>Requirements3–7 years of legal experience, preferably in an international corporate or commercial law firm. Strong expertise in contract drafting and legal research. Bachelor’s degree in Law or equivalent legal qualification. Strong analytical, communication, and stakeholder management skills.
Senior Lawyer – Labour Law Specialist<br><br>An exciting opportunity has arisen to join one of Saudi Arabia’s leading financial institutions, headquartered in Riyadh. The successful candidate will join a growing legal team, focusing on labour law matters and providing legal support across the organisation<br>.<br>Applicants should ideally have 7–10 years’ post-qualification experience, with strong Saudi labour law experience and the ability to advise on employee investigations, workplace issues, policy matters, and disciplinary actions. Applicants must be a Saudi qualified Lawye<br>r.<br>Location: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Salary: Competitive, plus bonus and benefi<br>ts.
ملخص الوظيفة:<br>يتولى المساعد القانوني مسؤولية مساعدة المدير القانوني والفريق القانوني في تقديم حلول قانونية تعزز المصالح التجارية للشركة وتضمن امتثالها لجميع القوانين واللوائح السعودية.<br>المسؤوليات:<br>إعداد مسودات العقود لمراجعتها من قبل المدير القانوني. مراجعة الاتفاقيات التعاقدية الجديدة وتقديم تقارير للمدير القانوني حول أي عدم امتثال ملاحظ سواء من قبل أطراف خارجية أو من قبل الشركة المعنية حسب الاقتضاء. المساعدة في تطوير وصيانة قاعدة بيانات لجميع عقود الشركة والتزاماتها القانونية. مساعدة الإدارة القانونية في مراجعة العقود التي يعدها أطراف أخرى يرغبون في إبرام اتفاقيات مع مجموعة شركاتنا لضمان حماية الحقوق القانونية للشركة المعنية. تمثيل أو مساعدة المجموعة وكل شركة ذات صلة أمام أي وزارة فيما يتعلق بالملفات بما في ذلك ملفات الهيئة العامة للمنافسة (GAC) ووزارة الاستثمار (MISA). تقديم المشورة للموظفين بشأن تفسير أي اتفاقيات/عقود لتوضيح المسائل. التنسيق مع مكاتب المحاماة الخارجية و/أو المحامين الموكلين بمهام خاصة لضمان إنجاز المسائل القانونية في الوقت المناسب. صياغة الخطابات القانونية والتسويات لإصدارها للمقاولين. إحاطة الإدارة علماً بأي لوائح/قوانين جديدة في المملكة العربية السعودية قد يكون لها تأثير محتمل، سواء كان إيجابياً أو سلبياً، على عمليات المجموعة أو أي من شركاتها. إظهار نهج إيجابي ورغبة/قدرة على التفكير خارج الصندوق. البقاء على اطلاع دائم باتجاهات الصناعة والمخاطر الناشئة والتغييرات التنظيمية في المملكة العربية السعودية.<br>أي مهام ومسؤوليات أخرى ذات صلة تكلفه بها الإدارة.<br>المؤهلات:<br>درجة البكالوريوس في القانون من جامعة مرموقة. خبرة مهنية لا تقل عن سنتين في القانون التجاري وقانون الأعمال. إجادة اللغتين الإنجليزية والعربية. مهارات قوية في الصياغة القانونية. معرفة راسخة بقوانين الشركات والقوانين التجارية والتنظيمية السعودية. القدرة على العمل بشكل مستقل وإدارة أولويات متعددة في وقت واحد.
About us With our roots going back over more than (50) years, we are one of the oldest and fastest growing Saudi-based company that offers a diversified portfolio of products and services including infrastructure solutions on D&B and EPC basis, development and co-investment in real estate and renewable s, and manufacturing of renewable technologies. Recently we are experiencing a rapid growth and expansion locally and regionally; accordingly, we are looking for leaders who have big ideas that can embrace our vision to meet a variety of infrastructure needs all over the MENA region with three main business segment- infrastructure solutions, development and co-investment in real estate and renewable s, and manufacturing of renewable technologies.<br>Job Summary The Legal Investigation Specialist is responsible for conducting internal investigations related to legal, ethical, compliance, and misconduct matters across the organization. The role supports the Legal Department by gathering evidence, interviewing involved parties, preparing investigation reports, and ensuring compliance with Saudi laws, company policies, and contractual obligations. The specialist will also coordinate with HR, Internal Audit, QHSE, and project management teams to resolve legal issues while minimizing legal and operational risks. The ideal candidate has previous experience in legal consulting or law firms and possesses a strong understanding of Saudi legal procedures, employment regulations, commercial law, and construction-related disputes.<br>Job Relations Internal – All departments External – Governmental Sector.<br>Department Legal Affairs<br>Gender Male / Female<br>Industry Legal Consulting Offices / EPC / Construction<br>Employment Type Full-time<br>Job Functions Shared Services<br><br>Main Duties & Responsibilities:Conduct internal investigations into misconduct, fraud, corruption, ethical violations, and contractual breaches. Gather, review, and analyse documentary, electronic, and physical evidence. Interview employees, contractors, suppliers, and witnesses to establish investigation findings. Prepare comprehensive investigation reports with evidence-based recommendations. Maintain strict confidentiality throughout investigation processes. Support litigation by preparing legal files and coordinating with external legal counsel. Investigate construction-related disputes involving contracts, subcontractors, suppliers, and project execution. Review disciplinary actions to ensure compliance with Saudi Labour Law and company policies. Identify legal and compliance risks and recommend corrective actions. Support whistle-blowing and ethics investigations. Ensure compliance with Saudi laws, corporate governance standards, and contractual obligations. Assist in developing legal investigation procedures and compliance frameworks. Maintain investigation records and legal documentation. Monitor implementation of investigation recommendations. Prepare executive reports and legal case summaries. Coordinate with HR, Internal Audit, Procurement, Commercial, and Project teams. Support dispute resolution and settlement negotiations. Promote legal awareness and compliance across the organization.<br>Requirements Bachelor's Degree in Law (LL. B.) or equivalent (Mandatory). Master's Degree in Law (LL. M.) is preferable.5–8 years of professional experience in legal investigations and corporate compliance. Minimum 3 years in legal consulting offices or law firms. Previous experience supporting construction, EPC, infrastructure, or engineering projects is highly preferred. Experience conducting workplace or corporate investigations. Strong knowledge of Saudi Labor Law, Commercial Law, and contractual disputes. Experience working with external legal counsel and regulatory authorities. Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE), Compliance & Ethics Professional (CCEP), Certified Internal Investigator (CII), International Compliance Association (ICA) Diploma in Compliance, ISO 37301 Compliance Management Systems Lead Implementer or Lead Auditor, ISO 37001 Anti-Bribery Management Systems Lead Implementer, or Saudi Bar Association membership (where applicable) will be preferable. Excellent in Arabic language is mandatory with strong English working proficiency. Saudi Nationality is a must. Strong knowledge about Saudi Labor Law, Saudi Commercial Law, Civil Transactions Law, Contract Administration, Construction Contracts (FIDIC), or corporate governance (where applicable) will be preferable. Excellent using Microsoft Office suite.
Job Summary<br><br>The Senior Manager, Legal Affairs is responsible for leading the organization's legal function by providing strategic legal advice, ensuring compliance with applicable laws and regulations, managing legal risks, overseeing contracts, and supporting business operations. The role partners with senior leadership to protect the organization's interests while enabling business growth and operational excellence<br>.<br>Key Responsibiliti<br>es<br>Lead the Legal Affairs function and provide strategic legal guidance to senior management. Review, draft, negotiate, and manage a wide range of commercial agreements, contracts, and legal documents. Ensure compliance with applicable laws, regulations, corporate governance requirements, and internal policies. Identify, assess, and mitigate legal and regulatory risks across the organization. Manage disputes, litigation, arbitration, and external legal counsel when required. Provide legal support for corporate transactions, partnerships, mergers, acquisitions, and strategic initiatives. Develop and maintain legal policies, procedures, and governance frameworks. Advise management on labor law, corporate law, commercial law, procurement, and contractual matters. Support procurement and business units in contract negotiations and vendor agreements. Monitor changes in legislation and assess their impact on the organization. Lead legal due diligence activities for major projects and transactions. Oversee intellectual property matters, confidentiality agreements, and data protection requirements. Manage the legal budget and external legal service providers. Develop the capabilities of the Legal Affairs team through coaching and performance manageme<br>nt.<br>Qualificat<br>ions<br>Bachelor's degree in Law (LLB). Master's degree in Law (LLM) is preferred.8–10 years of progressive legal exper<br>ience
Qualifications Bachelor’s degree in Law (LLB) or equivalent; advanced legal qualifications or bar admission are an advantage. Strong foundation in Law, with knowledge of commercial, corporate, and employment regulations relevant to Saudi Arabia. Proven experience in Contract Negotiation and managing agreements with partners, vendors, and clients. Proficiency in Legal Document Preparation, including drafting, reviewing, and revising contracts, policies, and internal guidelines. Ability to identify, analyze, and manage Legal Issues affecting business operations and strategic initiatives. Experience providing clear, practical Legal Advice to cross-functional teams and senior management. Experience working in technology, digital platforms, or professional services sectors is preferred. Strong analytical, problem-solving, and decision-making skills, with attention to detail and high ethical standards. Excellent written and verbal communication skills in English; Arabic language proficiency is an asset. Ability to work collaboratively with diverse teams and manage multiple matters in a fast-paced environment.
About the Role Lead and oversee the provision of legal advisory services to the company by supporting management and departments on legal governance, advisory, contractual, regulatory, governance, litigation, investigations, and strategic matters, ensuring the protection of the company’s interests and alignment with applicable laws, regulations, and organizational objectives.<br>Responsibilities Lead the Legal Advisory section and oversee day-to-day legal support activities. Provide legal advice and opinions on operational, strategic, legal governance, regulatory, and commercial matters. Coordinate and support sections under the same department where relevant or as directed. Review, draft, negotiate, and advise on contracts, agreements, MoUs, partnerships, letters, and other legal instruments. Support major projects, initiatives, and strategic partnerships from a legal and legal risk perspective. Advise management on legal implications, obligations, liabilities, and risk exposure arising from company activities and decisions. Ensure legal alignment of company activities with applicable laws, regulations, directives, and governance requirements. Coordinate with external legal counsel and consultants when required and oversee the quality of external legal services. Provide legal support relating to Board and Committee matters when required. Assist in managing disputes, claims, investigations, and legal notices involving the company. Support the establishment and improvement of legal processes, templates, controls, and contracting frameworks. Contribute to strengthening legal awareness and promoting good governance practices across the organization. Coordinate with relevant departments to ensure timely legal review and support for projects and operational activities. Prepare reports, legal summaries, and updates for management as required.<br>Qualifications Bachelor Degree in relevant field or equivalent is required. A masters degree is a preferred. Minimum 10 - 15 years of experience within the same field, including at least 4 years in a managerial role. Experience in a relevant sector is preferred.<br>Professional Certifications Professional and academic certifications within a relevant field are preferred.
About the Role<br><br>We are seeking a motivated Legal Assistant to support the Legal Department in safeguarding the organization's business interests through legal research, contract preparation, regulatory compliance, and stakeholder coordination. The role involves assisting with contract reviews, monitoring legal and regulatory developments, following up on legal cases and claims, and providing legal support to internal departments. The successful candidate will work closely with the General Counsel and cross-functional teams to ensure legal requirements are met while contributing to the efficient management of legal matters and departmental objectives.<br><br>Responsibilities<br><br>Required Qualifications Bachelor's degree in Law (LL. B.) or equivalent legal qualification. Professional legal certification or membership in a recognized legal body is a plus. Required Experience0 to 2 years of experience in a legal, compliance, contracts, or corporate legal environment. Previous experience in the legal function within the Middle East/GCC region is preferred. Exposure to contract drafting, legal research, and regulatory compliance is advantageous.<br><br>Qualifications<br><br>Legal Skills Knowledge of corporate, commercial, labor, and regulatory laws. Understanding of legal theories, principles, practices, and procedures. Contract drafting, review, and interpretation skills. Legal research and analysis capabilities. Knowledge of laws and regulations impacting telecommunications, satellite, or related industries is preferred.<br><br>Required Skills<br><br>Core Functional Skills Legal documentation and reporting. Case and claims follow-up management. Regulatory monitoring and compliance tracking. Stakeholder coordination and relationship management. Attention to detail and accuracy.<br><br>Preferred Skills<br><br>Soft Skills Strong communication and interpersonal skills. Ability to work effectively under pressure and meet deadlines. Collaboration and teamwork. Problem-solving and analytical thinking. Time management and organizational skills. Professional judgment and discretion.<br><br>Language Requirements<br><br>Professional proficiency in English (written and verbal). Arabic language skills preferred due to interaction with regional government entities and stakeholders.<br><br>Key Competencies<br><br>Organizational Competencies One Team Achievement Orientation Customer Focus Professional Communication Time Management Functional Competencies Legal Research & Analysis Contract Management Regulatory Compliance Legal Advisory Support Risk Assessment Stakeholder Management Report Preparation<br><br>Ideal Candidate<br><br>A recent Law graduate or junior legal professional with up to 2 years of experience, capable of supporting contract reviews, legal research, compliance activities, and coordination with internal departments and external government authorities while demonstrating strong communication and analytical skills.
نحن نوظف لشغل المنصب التالي:<br><br>المسمى الوظيفي: محلل قانوني أول<br><br>الموقع: الرياض، المملكة العربية السعودية<br><br>المسؤوليات الرئيسية:<br><br>إجراء الأبحاث لتحديد وتقييم أفضل الممارسات الدولية التي يمكن تطبيقها على توجيهات ولوائح هيئة المحتوى المحلي والمشتريات الحكومية (TMC)؛ التوصية بالممارسات ذات الصلة لمدير إدارة الأنظمة واللوائح والمدير التنفيذي للمساهمة في تطوير أو إزالة أو تحديث قوانين ولوائح الهيئة. المساعدة في تحديد الفجوات في القوانين واللوائح والعمليات الحالية للمحتوى المحلي والمشتريات الحكومية من خلال إجراء تحليل للفجوات لتقييم القوانين والسياسات والعمليات الحالية مقابل أفضل الممارسات المطبقة في المملكة العربية السعودية. اقتراح مبادئ توجيهية لتنفيذ قانون المشتريات بناءً على الأبحاث البناءة وأفضل الممارسات من أجل تحقيق الامتثال للقوانين واللوائح الحالية. المساعدة في صياغة قوانين/لوائح المحتوى المحلي والمشتريات الحكومية المتعلقة بتفويض الهيئة. المساهمة في زيادة الوعي بين أصحاب المصلحة حول حوكمة المحتوى المحلي والمشتريات الحكومية من أجل تعظيم الامتثال للمعايير والمتطلبات التشريعية المحددة. تقديم المشورة لأصحاب المصلحة بشأن السياسات واللوائح المتعلقة بالمحتوى المحلي والمشتريات الحكومية حسب التوجيهات لتمكين الاختيار الدقيق لأفضل مسار للعمل. المساعدة في حل المخاطر القانونية التي تؤثر على المحتوى المحلي والمشتريات الحكومية، واقتراح الحلول وإجراءات التخفيف للتغلب على تلك المخاطر في الوقت المناسب. اتباع جميع السياسات والعمليات وإجراءات التشغيل القياسية والتعليمات الوظيفية ذات الصلة لضمان تنفيذ العمل بطريقة محكومة ومتسقة. المساعدة في إعداد تقارير ومخرجات وظيفية دقيقة وفي الوقت المناسب لتلبية المتطلبات الوظيفية من أجل تحقيق الكفاءة والتميز في الأداء المطلوب. أداء أي مهام وواجبات أخرى ذات صلة حسب التوجيهات. مطالبات التحصيل (بعد التحويل من فريق التحصيل إلى الإدارة القانونية). القضايا التجارية والقانونية وقضايا الاحتيال وقضايا العمل.<br><br>المؤهلات والمتطلبات:<br><br>درجة البكالوريوس في القانون (كحد أدنى)، ويفضل الحصول على شهادات قانونية مهنية. خبرة تتراوح بين 3 إلى 8 سنوات في إدارة الشؤون القانونية في جهة عامة، والبحث القانوني، والتحقيق، وتحليل البيانات، والمراسلات القانونية، ويفضل أن تكون في المملكة العربية السعودية.
About Kafaa Capital:<br>Kafaa Capital is a CMA-licensed investment platform in Saudi Arabia, specializing in Shariah-compliant sukuk-based investment and financing solutions. Headquartered in Riyadh, we are developing next-generation digital investment infrastructure with a strong focus on transparency, compliance, and innovation. We are looking for a Legal & Compliance Specialist to support our legal integrity and regulatory compliance across operations. <br>Key Responsibilities:<br>Provide legal guidance to internal departments on financial and investment matters. Draft, review, and revise contracts, financing agreements, guarantees, pledges, debt instruments, and commercial agreements. Assess legal risks for financial transactions, investment projects, and new products in coordination with internal teams. Review offering documents, investment agency agreements, and terms and conditions from a legal and compliance perspective. Coordinate with external legal counsel, support litigation matters, and manage documentation before relevant authorities and commercial courts. Facilitate meetings, legal materials, and research in coordination with the Shariah Committee. Manage regulatory engagements with the Capital Market Authority (CMA), ensuring timely reporting, submissions, and responses. Monitor updates to Saudi regulations (e.g., Civil Transactions Law, Companies Law, Finance Companies Control Law, CMA, and AML/CTF guidelines). Implement compliance policies, conduct audits/risk assessments, assist in SPE setup/compliance, and manage internal compliance training. <br>Qualifications & Requirements:<br>Saudi or GCC National is mandatory. Bachelor’s degree in Law. Minimum 3 years of practical legal experience (or 2 years if holding a Master’s degree in a related field). Must hold CME-1 and CME-2 certifications. Upper-intermediate level of English proficiency or higher. Solid knowledge of Saudi regulations, particularly Companies Law and CMA regulations. Strong skills in legal analysis, contract drafting, and proficiency in MS Office. <br>Preferred Qualifications:<br>Master’s degree holders in Law or a related field. Prior experience in the Investment or Financing sectors. <br>Why Join Kafaa Capital:<br>Be part of the rapidly growing Fin Tech sector within Saudi Arabia's financial landscape. Competitive salary package with clear opportunities for career growth and advancement. VIP medical insurance coverage for the employee and their family members.
المسمى الوظيفي: مساعد إداري قانوني - للسعوديين فقط الراتب: 16,000-18,000 ريال سعودي شهرياً بالإضافة إلى المزايا الموقع: الرياض، المملكة العربية السعودية<br>نظرة عامة: تدعم شركة Gateworth مكتب محاماة دولياً رائداً في استمرار توسيع مكتبه بالرياض، وتبحث عن مساعد إداري قانوني ذي خبرة للانضمام إلى فريقها المتنامي. هذا دور متنوع وديناميكي يجمع بين مسؤوليات الإدارة القانونية والمكتبية، بما في ذلك إدارة وتعديل المستندات، وتنسيق السفر، وتخطيط الفعاليات، وفواتير العملاء، ومعالجة المصروفات، وإدارة الموردين. سيقدم المرشح الناجح أيضاً دعماً لاستقبال المكتب، حيث سيكون نقطة الاتصال الأولى والمهنية للعملاء والزوار، مع ضمان سير العمليات اليومية للمكتب بسلاسة.<br>المسؤوليات الرئيسية: · تقديم دعم مهني في الاستقبال، والترحيب بالعملاء والزوار وضمان تجربة من الدرجة الأولى. · ترتيب السفر المحلي والدولي والإقامة وجداول الرحلات للشركاء والمحامين. · جدولة وتنسيق الاجتماعات والندوات وفعاليات العملاء والوظائف المكتبية الداخلية. · إعداد وتعديل وتنسيق وتدقيق وإدارة المستندات القانونية والعروض التقديمية والتقارير والمراسلات. · معالجة طلبات فواتير العملاء، ومطالبات المصروفات، وفواتير الموردين، وإعدادات الموردين/المستفيدين. · دعم أنشطة التوظيف وإنهاء الخدمة، وعمليات المكتب، وإدارة المرافق، والمشاريع الإدارية العامة. · إدارة المكالمات الواردة والمراسلات وشركات الشحن والاتصالات المكتبية.<br>المؤهلات والمتطلبات: · خبرة من 2-3 سنوات في دور إداري، يفضل أن تكون داخل شركة محاماة، أو خدمات مهنية، أو بيئة شركة دولية. · مهارات تنظيمية قوية مع القدرة على إدارة أولويات متعددة في بيئة عمل متطلبة. · مهارات تواصل ممتازة باللغتين العربية والإنجليزية ومهارات التعامل مع العملاء بأسلوب مهني. · مهارات قوية في برامج Microsoft Office، بما في ذلك Word وOutlook وExcel وPower Point وTeams. · شخصية إيجابية ومنظمة وقادرة على العمل بفعالية مع ثقافات متنوعة على جميع المستويات.<br>التقديم: يجب على المتقدمين الذين يستوفون المتطلبات المذكورة أعلاه ويبحثون عن تحدٍ جديد إرسال طلب عبر رابط التقديم. إذا كان لديك أي أسئلة أخرى، يمكنك التواصل عبر البريد الإلكتروني apply@gateworth.com مع ذكر مرجع GWG: 16429.
Company Description<br><br>Data Volt is a global leader in sustainable and innovative data center solutions. We provide businesses across the world with the infrastructure they need to connect, collaborate, and grow in the data-driven landscape of today. Our solutions focus on security, reliability, scalability, and sustainability, empowering our clients to truly achieve digital transformation. We have strategically positioned operations in Riyadh, Dubai, California, Mumbai and Tashkent and are committed to shaping a sustainable digital future through groundbreaking innovation.<br><br>Responsibilities<br><br>Draft, review and negotiate transaction documents such as joint development agreements, EPC contracts, power supply and/or purchase agreements, land lease agreements, joint venture agreements, shareholders agreements, O&M or FM related agreements, term sheets, heads-of-terms and ancillary agreements related to the foregoing. Draft, review and negotiate commercial contracts such as co-location services agreements, service level agreements and all related documents. Lead and/or coordinate transaction closing matters, including due diligence, conditions precedent management, document review, preparation of Board of Directors resolutions and other related tasks. Handle all day-to-day legal work related to assigned projects. Supervise and guide junior lawyers. Attend meetings or conference calls with internal or external clients, counterparties and other stakeholders as required. Conduct presentations and training for business team members on project development matters such as deal structuring and construction contracts. Manage external legal counsel when applicable or when local law input is required to support assigned projects.<br><br>Experience & Qualifications<br><br>Law degree from a reputable university / law school.10 years of experience as a practicing lawyer, either in a top law firm or the in-house legal department of an international company. Experience in data center business or renewable energy project development and/or financing is an advantage. Experience with project development (renewable or conventional power, PPP projects, real estate, telecommunications, etc.) and closing transactions is a plus. Fluent in English (written and spoken); additional language skills are an advantage.
عن الدور: سيتولى مدير الاستشارات القانونية قيادة الإدارة الشاملة للعقود التجارية عبر مشاريع ووظائف أعمال مطار الملك سلمان الدولي (KSIA)، بما في ذلك العقود الخاصة، وعقود الإيجار، واتفاقيات الاستشارات، والاتفاقيات المتعلقة بالمشاريع. سيشرف الدور على مفاوضات العقود، وإدارتها، وحوكمتها، والمطالبات، والتغييرات، والمخاطر التجارية، مع تقديم التوجيه القانوني الاستراتيجي لأصحاب المصلحة وضمان التوافق مع متطلبات مطار الملك سلمان الدولي والأهداف التنظيمية.<br>المسؤوليات الرئيسية: تقديم الاستشارات القانونية ودعم المشورة لأصحاب المصلحة الداخليين. تمثيل الإدارة القانونية في المشاركات بين الأقسام وتقديم مشورة قانونية مستقلة بشأن المبادرات التشغيلية والاستراتيجية. تحديد وتقييم المخاطر القانونية الناشئة عن المشاريع والمبادرات والأنشطة التشغيلية والتوصية باستراتيجيات التخفيف المناسبة. تقديم الآراء القانونية في الوقت المناسب أثناء الاضطرابات التشغيلية أو التجارية لحماية المصالح المؤسسية والسمعة. تقديم المشورة بشأن تنفيذ الآراء القانونية رفيعة المستوى وتوجيهات مجلس الإدارة، مع ضمان التوافق مع المتطلبات القانونية والحوكمة المعمول بها. تحديد الفرص والقيود القانونية المتعلقة بالمخطط الرئيسي طويل الأمد للمطار، بما في ذلك تمويل البنية التحتية، وسيادة البيانات، والتقنيات الناشئة. تقديم تقييمات المخاطر القانونية وإيجازات استراتيجية للقيادة العليا بشأن المسائل التجارية الكبرى، ومتطلبات الإفصاح عن الحوكمة البيئية والاجتماعية وحوكمة الشركات (ESG)، والشراكات العابرة للحدود. مراجعة نماذج الأعمال وهياكل الاستثمار المقترحة لضمان الامتثال للقوانين المعمول بها ومعايير الحوكمة. تطوير والحفاظ على كتيبات القواعد القانونية وقوالب الاستشارة لدعم التوجيه القانوني المتسق وعالي الجودة عبر مسارات العمل المؤسسية والتجارية.<br>المؤهلات والخبرة: درجة البكالوريوس في القانون أو مجال ذي صلة. خبرة لا تقل عن 6 سنوات ذات صلة، بما في ذلك سنتين على الأقل في منصب إداري. يفضل الحصول على شهادات مهنية مثل World CC (IACCM)، أو PMP، أو CIPS، أو MRICS، أو CCM، أو شهادة إدارة العقود، أو ما يعادلها.
J-B Values Simplicity We make the complex simple, so our customers don’t have to spend more time than necessary understanding their options and credit. Reliability Transparent and always there. We mean what we say and do what we say. Proactiveness We are a true supporter and advisor to our customers, always predicting and anticipating their needs. Proud Created by Saudis for Saudi, We are a proud Saudi brand and we do what’s best for our community.<br>Job Description & Accountabilities The Legal Senior Officer is responsible for providing legal support and guidance to the organization from Legal perspective, and ensure compliance with relevant laws and regulations. Handle various legal matters that lies under legal scope, including but not limited to: overseeing the review of different kinds of legal documents such as Agreements, Contracts, PoAs etc.., legal cases, and providing legal advisory support. Oversee the Legal operations, decision making framework and ensures all necessary information is provided.<br>Legal Advice and Guidance:Assist in providing legal opinions and guidance to management and departments on legal matters related to the organization’s operations. Assist in Interpreting and analyzing laws, regulations, and legal documents to ensure compliance with relevant laws. Legal Documents Management:Assist in drafting and reviewing legal documents, including but not limited to Contracts, Agreements, Addendums, and Legal department procedure, to ensure that legal documents are in line with relevant legal requirements, and protect the organization’s interests. Oversee, maintain, and update a database for legal documents. Litigation Support:Study legal documentation, responses, and evidence for legal cases. Coordinate and follow up with Organization’s departments to implement legal decisions, in addition to obtain the required information and provide it to dispute committees if required. Oversee, maintain, and update and update a database for legal cases.<br>Qualifications & Experiences Bachelor degree in Law, or similar fields. 2-4 years of experience<br>Knowledge & Skills Clear and concise oral/written communication skills. Proficient in English language. Analytical thinking and problem solving Creativity and innovation Highly focused on accuracy and attention to details.
Job Title: Legal & GRC Senior Manager – Tech Industry Location: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Company: Confidential Role Overview:We are seeking an accomplished Legal & GRC Senior Manager to lead and manage all legal, governance, risk, and compliance activities across the company's data center portfolio from development through operations. The Senior Manager shall ensure that all business units, partnerships, and capital projects are conducted within the framework of Saudi regulations, international standards, and the organization's governance charter - protecting legal integrity, supporting sustainable growth, and enabling compliant operations across development, sales, and capital investment cycles. This position plays a critical role in establishing corporate legal frameworks, leading regulatory compliance, directing corporate governance structures, implementing GRC systems, and mitigating legal risks across all business operations and data center facilities. Key Responsibilities:Legal Framework & Contract Management Establish and oversee corporate legal frameworks covering EPC, O&M, MSAs, SLAs, colocation contracts, consultancy agreements, and all financial, technical, commercial, and insurance due diligence requirements. Lead contractual negotiations for hyperscaler, wholesale, and enterprise customer agreements ensuring balanced risk allocation. Draft, review, and negotiate commercial agreements across all business lines and project entities. Manage the full contract lifecycle including LOIs, lease agreements, renewals, amendments, terminations, and dispute resolution. Ensure balanced risk allocation in EPC and O&M contracts with zero material disputes. Establish and maintain standard contract templates, playbooks, and negotiation guidelines for consistent legal execution. Review and approve all major commercial transactions, partnership agreements, and vendor contracts. Regulatory Compliance & Licensing Lead regulatory compliance with Communications, Space & Technology Commission (CST), Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT), National Cybersecurity Authority (NCA), and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for data center licensing, power allocations, cybersecurity, and data-sovereignty frameworks. Ensure 100% compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks across all operations and business units. Manage regulatory licensing, permits, and approvals required for data center operations in Saudi Arabia. Monitor and advise on data sovereignty, cybersecurity regulations, and privacy laws including Saudi Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL). Stay updated on evolving technology regulations, digital economy legislation, and international compliance requirements. Coordinate with regulatory authorities for inspections, audits, and compliance matters. Develop and maintain regulatory compliance roadmaps and monitoring frameworks. Corporate Governance & Strategic Advisory Direct corporate governance structures including board charters, delegations of authority, policies, and RACI frameworks to ensure transparency and accountability across all subsidiaries and SPVs. Provide strategic advisory to senior leadership and the board on legal and governance matters including mergers, joint ventures, and capital structuring of project entities. Ensure shareholder reporting obligations are met including disclosure, policy adherence, and annual compliance statements. Develop, review, and implement corporate policies, codes of conduct, and compliance frameworks. Advise on corporate structuring, subsidiary governance, and SPV establishment and management. Support business development activities with legal analysis, feasibility assessments, and transaction structuring. Lead governance improvement initiatives and drive best practice adoption across the organization. GRC Systems & Compliance Management Lead the design, implementation, and management of comprehensive GRC (Governance, Risk & Compliance) systems integrating incident reporting, risk registers, and compliance monitoring tools. Oversee compliance audits under ISO 27001, ISO 22301, ISO 9001, ISO 45001, and ESG frameworks, coordinating internal controls and external certifications. Develop and maintain GRC policies, procedures, and operational frameworks aligned with industry best practices. Ensure timely submission of corporate legal disclosures and company reporting compliance. Prepare and maintain documentation for internal and external regulatory audits and compliance assessments. Coordinate certification processes and maintain compliance records for audit readiness. Drive continuous improvement of GRC processes, systems, and reporting capabilities. Establish compliance monitoring dashboards and KPI tracking frameworks. Risk Management & Legal Operations Lead enterprise-wide legal risk management for claims, disputes, insurance coverage, and regulatory investigations. Develop and implement risk management frameworks, risk appetite statements, and risk mitigation strategies. Support business continuity and legal readiness for large-scale infrastructure projects and partnerships. Identify, assess, and mitigate legal risks across all business operations, technology projects, and capital investments. Manage relationships with external legal counsel, coordinate litigation strategies, and oversee legal budgets. Develop and maintain risk registers, heat maps, and legal risk mitigation strategies. Achieve risk mitigation effectiveness and reduction of legal exposure across all company data centers and operations. Conduct periodic risk reviews and present risk status updates to senior management and the board. Team Leadership & Capability Building Lead, manage, and develop the legal and GRC team including compliance managers, governance officers, contract specialists, and legal analysts. Set clear performance objectives, conduct regular performance reviews, and provide coaching and professional development. Mentor multidisciplinary teams across legal, compliance, and governance functions to build institutional capability. Foster a culture of integrity, compliance, and professional excellence within the legal and GRC function. Develop training programs, awareness sessions, and legal toolkits to promote legal awareness and compliance culture across business units. Ensure adequate resources, capacity, and capability within the legal and GRC team to support business operations and growth. Stakeholder Coordination & Representation Collaborate with internal stakeholders including project delivery, project control, operations, sales and customer, and investment teams to provide legal and GRC support. Manage relationships with external stakeholders including regulatory bodies (CST, MCIT, NCA, SEC), EPC and O&M contractors, external legal, technical, commercial, and insurance providers. Liaise with telco and technology providers on legal and compliance matters. Coordinate with tenants including hyperscalers, government entities, enterprise clients, and their legal teams on contractual and compliance matters. Represent the legal and GRC function in executive meetings, board advisory sessions, strategic planning activities, and industry forums. Present legal and GRC performance reports, risk assessments, and strategic recommendations to senior management and the board. Qualifications:Bachelor's degree in Law or Engineering and Law (dual-qualified preferred). Fluency in English (written and spoken) is mandatory. Proficiency in Arabic is highly preferred.8 -12 years of professional experience in legal, compliance, and governance, with at least 5 years in leadership roles. Proven record managing legal and compliance functions in project and operations of data centers, telecom, and energy facilities. Experience structuring capital investments, SPVs, and joint ventures in the infrastructure sector. Strong understanding of data sovereignty, cybersecurity, and ESG regulatory frameworks in Saudi Arabia and globally. Demonstrated experience implementing and managing GRC systems, frameworks, and compliance monitoring tools. Master's degree (MBA, LL. M, or equivalent) is an advantage. Professional certifications such as CIPP, CIPM, GRCP, GRCA, or compliance-related qualifications are preferred. Membership with the Saudi Bar Association or equivalent legal professional body is preferred. Key Competencies:Strategic legal leadership and senior management capability. Deep GRC expertise and compliance management excellence. High ethical standards and integrity. Strong legal, governance, and compliance acumen. Strategic thinking and executive advisory expertise. Excellent negotiation, contract structuring, and deal-making skills. Enterprise risk management and mitigation capabilities. Culturally aware with strong leadership acumen. Ability to collaborate effectively across multi-disciplinary and international teams. Strong communication, presentation, and board-level stakeholder management skills. Analytical thinking, attention to detail, and data-driven decision-making. Team leadership and capability development excellence. Professionalism, accountability, and confidentiality.